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The Threat of Infant and Maternal Mortality in Nigeria
Recently, I was at a popular spot in Lagos State, and a group of people crowded around the pavement, all beaming with joy and chattering about the miracle they were watching; a pregnant woman had just been passed across the road in a sudden labor The obstetrician gave birth to a healthy baby boy. The new mum is said to have been on her way to a traditional herbal medicine manufacturer when she gave birth prematurely and then the doctor came to help the woman on her way to his clinic, an event that wowed an impressive crowd.
About 37% of Nigerian women attend churches, local midwives and various professionally unqualified personnel to deliver their babies. This is a disturbing phenomenon because this group of expectant mothers faces a higher risk of losing their baby as well as their own lives, and these complications can unexpectedly become a problem before, during, and after labor because it can lead to Fatal complications if not managed properly.
According to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), “Nigeria loses about 2,300 babies under five and 145 women of reproductive age every day”. This makes the country one of the largest contributors to infant and maternal mortality in the world. Infant and maternal mortality is the death of a child or mother due to illness and other conditions related to pregnancy, childbirth, delivery, etc. In Nigeria, 1 in 13 pregnant women is at risk of dying during pregnancy and childbirth, and a large proportion of these deaths are preventable. Traditionally, the most common causes of maternal death worldwide are childbirth complications, diarrhoea, pneumonia, hypertension, dehydration; while infants may die from malnutrition, malaria, congenital malformations, infections and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
Nigeria and many other third world countries have been touted as unsuitable places to give birth or raise children, largely because of dire economic woes and extremely low standards of hygiene. Experts at the World Development Indicators (WDI) assert that both issues pose a threat to basic human rights. Analysis in recent years has demonstrated that while Nigeria has been on track to reduce infant and maternal mortality, it is still not close to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target of reducing grievous plight by a third by the end of 2015. In all Behind these assertions and statistics is the psychological trauma of thousands of families who have lost children, wives and mothers to this preventable scourge.
So why is maternal and infant mortality still relatively high in Nigeria? The first problem has to be the country’s stagnant healthcare system, which is overshadowed by inadequate equipment and facilities. The Chief Nursing Officer at the Ilasa Public Health Center (PHC) put it this way: “[Staff]pay the PHCN officers out of pocket whenever they come to ask for a disconnection; we still use lanterns and flashlights in the delivery room “. In 2013, only 30 public health centers (PHCs) in Lagos were assessable; and of the 30 primary care centres, almost all were unable to deal with postpartum hemorrhage, one of the leading causes of maternal mortality One (ThisDay, April 2014). Another reason for this scourge can be traced to the incessant strikes by the Nigerian Medical Association (NMA) and the lack of palliative care in emergencies, but it can also be traced to the government’s commitment to improving the healthcare system. Other equally dangerous causes may include sociocultural factors, mainly illiteracy and poverty, which contribute to the persistence of harmful traditional practices.
Experts attribute a country’s level of development to its maternal and child mortality (Articles Ng, 2013). Therefore, the lower the rate at which it happens, the higher the perceived growth of the country. Therefore, this goal – reducing mortality – is a national priority. Children and mothers are dying because those who aim to prevent this are not doing enough or committing enough to cause dramatic improvements; governments and health professionals are not encouraging pregnant women to come to antenatal clinics early, especially are rural residents. Rural areas should be an area of particular interest, as they are the ones where a great deal of direction on harmful traditional health practices is needed. Midwives should also receive continuously updated education on safe childbirth.
Total disregard and pathetic disrespect for human life should no longer be tolerated; women have no right to die while conceiving life, and babies should not have their lives taken away because of our indifference to their welfare. We must stand by our commitment to take the actions necessary to reduce this dire plight for mothers and babies.
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